Epitonium clathrus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
N. Norway to W. Morocco, Azores to Mediterranean & Black Sea. Predator on sea-anemones such as, in shallow waters, Anemonia viridis (Forskål, 1775), from intertidal grounds (during spring, spawning time) down to 80m deep (DORIS), on sedimentary as well as rocky bottoms. Original taxon: Scalaria communis. Synonym: Scalaria communis Lamarck, 1822. Above, a large specimen from Alikí peninsula, Thasos island, Eastern Makedonia and Thrace, NE. Greece. 42,8mm. Original pictures provided by W. Fischer (AT). – (CC BY-NC-SA) – |
No spiral scupture. The radials are slightly prosocline to orthocline. Rochelongue, Cap d’Agde, S. France. 9-21mm. |
Left: E. clathrus in G. B. Sowerby: llustrated index of British shells, London 1859, plate XV — Right: E. turtonis in L. A. Reeve: Conchologia iconica vol. XIX, London 1874, Scalaria plate I. — Both drawings were labelled “Scalaria communis”. Reeve’s misidentification may have resulted from the fact that E. clathrus can bear the colours of turtonis, as seen in the second picture hereabove. But turtonis is more slender, with a smaller last whorl, and its radial folds are more numerous and never as sharp as in clathrus, but more flattened. |
Scala communis in W. Kobelt: Iconographie der schalentragenden europäischen Meeresconchylien vol. III, Cassel 1905, plate LIX. |
The animal in Kiener & Fischer: Spécies général et iconographie des coquilles vivantes vol. X, Paris 1880. |
A juvenile from beach drift, Palavas-les-flots, Gard, S. France. 2,93mm. Original pictures provided by S. Clanzig (FR). – (CC BY-NC-SA) – |
Scalaria clathrus in W. E. Leach: Molluscorum Britanniae synopsis, London 1852, plate IX. |
Atlantic specimen. At extreme low tide, on Anemonia viridis (Forskål, 1775), Arradon, Morbihan, S. Brittany, NW. France. 32mm. |
Same spot. Gerontic. 34mm. |
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